SEO stands for search engine optimization, is the process of optimizing a blog/website to drive more traffic to your blog by making it search engine and user friendly. Two techniques using in SEO are On-page optimization and Off-page optimization techniques.
Top search engines in the world are Google, Bing and yahoo. Google is the major search engine. Generally all websites/blogs can get majority of it's traffic from Google. Today social media also playing major role in driving traffic to a website. But this is not quality traffic. You can get quality traffic from search engines.
Google is the major search engine, so your website traffic will depend on how your blog appearing in Google. Generally people try to visit top 10 websites in Google search results page. To increase your website traffic you need to improve your website ranking on Google. On-page optimization techniques helps improve your website ranking on Google.
On-page optimization is one of the very first step of SEO used to improve the position of a website/blog in the search engine results page (SERPs). Some of the On-page optimization techniques are page titles, meta tags, descriptions, internal linking, header tags and image optimization.
Off-page optimization is the another technique in SEO used to optimize web pages outside of your website by getting back links to your website. This is one of the best technique used to drive traffic to your website/blog immediately. With on-page optimization you can't drive traffic to your website/blog immediately, but you can do it with off-page optimization techniques.
Some of the op-age optimization techniques are Link Building, Social Media, Social bookmarking and submit your website/blog to search engines.